Lighting Management is one of the most cost-effective ways to increase the quality and efficiency of a building. Lighting Control using motion sensing, occupancy detection, light level sensing and time of day scheduling can substantially reduce lighting energy consumption. Lighting Retrofits involve the upgrade of older technology fixtures with new energy efficient lamps and ballasts. Through use of these strategies, energy consumption for lighting can be reduced by up to 50% in existing buildings and up to 35% in new construction.
Standard wall switches and relays can turn lights on and off together. This simple type of control can be designed to switch every other light allowing a uniform reduction of light levels. Another alternative would be to switch just the perimeter lights that are close to windows.
Whether automated or manual, dimming switches can provide additional comfort and control to the occupant. Different levels could be programmed for different times of the day.
Light level sensors and photocells can be used to automatically turn on and off lights. They can be placed near windows to turn off lights when daylight levels rise to a predefined level. Photocells can be used outside to control outdoor lighting. Light level sensors can also be used in conjunction with dimming control to provide a consistent lumen level.
Occupancy sensors can be used to control the lighting in specific areas. Occupancy sensors come in three varieties: passive infrared, ultrasonic and a combination of the two. Passive infrared sensors are triggered off the movement of a heat-emitting body. Ultrasonic sensors emit an inaudible sound pattern and re-read the reflection. Ultrasonic sensors are more sensitive than passive infrared sensors and are more suited for application where line-of-site viewing is not available.
Schedules can be used to automatically turn on, off, or to dim lights around a building. This can significantly reduce energy usage in a building in which the lights are often left on all night. Occupancy sensors and on/off switches can be used conjunction with a schedule to provide flexibility for after-hours work.
Monitoring the kW demand of a facility will give the control system the ability to shed some of the lighting or other non-critical loads during times of high demand. The controls can be set up in stages to prevent high power demands.